Courts
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On this page you can find programs and practices related to Courts. Select "Search Filters" to narrow down the list by rating, extent of evidence, and many other aspects of the programs or practices. Skip to Practices
CrimeSolutions’ ratings are assigned from standardized reviews of rigorous evaluations and meta-analyses. While we encourage you to learn more about this process, you don’t need to in order to benefit from it. Our clear ratings and profiles can help you determine if a program or category of program is worth pursuing.
Icon | Rating | Program Rating Description | Practice Rating Description |
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Effective | Implementing the program is likely to result in the intended outcome(s). | On average, there is strong evidence that implementing a program encompassed by the practice will achieve the intended outcome. | |
Promising | Implementing the program may result in the intended outcome(s) | On average, there is some evidence that implementing a program encompassed by the practice will achieve the intended outcome. | |
No Effects | Implementing the program is unlikely to result in the intended outcome(s) and may result in a negative outcome(s). | On average, there is strong evidence that implementing a program encompassed by the practice will not achieve the intended outcome or may result in a negative outcome. |
Programs
Showing Results For:
Topic: courtsTitle | Evidence Rating | Topics | Summary | RCT | ||
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Program Profile: Denver (Colorado) Crime Gun Intelligence Center |
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Violent crime, Assault, Gun violence, Homicide, Robbery, Law enforcement, Arrests, Databases, Evidence, Policing strategies, Crime prevention, Prosecution, Courts, Law enforcement operations, Investigations | The program focuses on reducing violent gun crime by disrupting the cycle of gun violence by relying on forensic science and data analysis to identify, investigate, and prosecute individuals who use guns in criminal activity, and the sources of their guns. The program is rated No Effects. The program did not significantly affect homicides or aggravated assaults with a firearm but was shown to significantly reduce violent crime and robbery with a firearm. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Imprisonment for Individuals Who Committed a Drunk Driving Offense (New South Wales, Australia) |
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Alcohol-Related Offenses, Alcohol, Prisons, Corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts, Traffic laws, Traffic law enforcement, Law enforcement, Substance abuse, Legal substances, Drugs | This involves prison time for individuals who have committed drunk-driving offenses to reduce their risk of recidivism upon their release. The program is rated No Effects. There was no statistically significant difference between individuals in the treatment group (who received prison time) and the comparison group (who received a suspended imprisonment sentence) on reoffending with a driving-while-under-the-influence-of-alcohol offense within 6 months’, 24 months’, or 5 years’ time. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Supervision with Immediate Enforcement (SWIFT) Court for Gang-Involved Individuals (Texas) |
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Drug testing, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Gangs, Gang Crime | This is a specialized court program that targets high-risk gang-affiliated individuals with felony convictions for intensive supervision, with the goal of reducing recidivism. The program is rated Promising. Gang members who participated in the program had a statistically significant lower likelihood of probation revocation than gang members who did not participate. But there were no statistically significant differences in new arrests between the groups. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Live Court Date Reminder Phone Calls (New York City) |
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Release on Recognizance, Warrants, Arrests | This program provides calls to individuals who have been arrested and released while they wait to appear for arraignment, to remind them to appear on their scheduled court dates. The program is rated Promising. There were statistically significant reductions in failure-to-appear rates for individuals in all three treatment groups who received phone call reminders, compared with individuals in the control group who did not receive any reminder. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition Program (Pa.) for First-Time DUI Offenses |
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Alcohol-Related Offenses, Criminal history records, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Corrections, Courts, Traffic laws, Law enforcement | The purpose of this program is to afford individuals who have committed a driving-under-the-influence (DUI) offense the opportunity to avoid the stigma of a criminal conviction and criminal labeling by expunging criminal records pertaining to the DUI offense through a diversion program. The program is rated Promising. Those in the diversion program were statistically significantly less likely to be rearrested within 4 years of the final disposition. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Project Safe Neighborhoods (Tampa, FL) |
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Gun violence, Databases, Problem-oriented policing, Crime prevention, Sentencing, Courts, Arrests | This initiative involves proactive policing, enhanced enforcement, sentences for individuals who repeatedly offend, and collaboration among multiple stakeholders. The program’s goal is to reduce violent crime and gun violence. The program is rated Promising. The implementation of the program led to a statistically significant reduction in violent crime in the treatment group relative to the control group. However, there was no statistically significant impact on the rate of gun crimes. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Phoenix (Arizona) Police Department Crime Gun Intelligence Center |
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Gun violence, Fusion Centers, Evidence, Databases, Crime prevention, Prosecution, Courts, Policing strategies | This is a collaborative law enforcement effort to collect, manage, and analyze crime gun evidence to identify serial shooters, disrupt criminal activity, and prevent future gun violence. The program is rated Promising. Posttest gun crime cases saw statistically significant increases in the likelihood of arrest, but no statistically significant difference in the likelihood of being charged or convicted, compared with cases in the pretest period. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Gender-Specific Drug Treatment Court (Midwestern State) |
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Probation, Drug courts, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention | This is a drug court program that provides treatment services to women on probation to reduce their risk of reoffending. The program gives preference to women who have higher need and risk profiles, are mothers, and have substance use problems. The program is rated Promising. Women in the treatment group were statistically significantly less likely to have a new conviction, compared with similar women on probation who did not participate in the program, at the 2-year follow-up. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Milwaukee (Wis.) County Diversion Program |
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Prosecution, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Courts | This is a prosecutor-led pretrial diversion program to rehabilitate individuals with misdemeanor or felony offenses who are at low risk of reoffending. The program is rated Effective. There were statistically significant reductions in the rearrest rate, days to rearrest, and cases dismissed for treatment group individuals, compared with comparison group individuals, at the 2-year follow-up. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Milwaukee County (Wis.) Deferred Prosecution Program |
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Prosecution, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts, Diversion | This is a prosecutor-led pretrial diversion program to rehabilitate individuals convicted of misdemeanor or felony offenses who are at medium risk of reoffending. The program is rated No Effects. There were statistically significant reductions in cases dismissed for treatment group individuals, compared with control group individuals. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the 2-year rearrest rate or days to first rearrest. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Police Body-Worn Cameras for Intimate-Partner Violence Cases (Phoenix, Ariz.) |
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Evidence, Sensors/Surveillance, Community policing, Crime prevention, Prosecution, Courts, Sentencing, Law enforcement operations, Law enforcement, Arrests, Equipment and technology | This program equips police with on-officer cameras to record contacts with civilians during intimate-partner violence incidents. The program is rated Promising. Camera use was statistically significantly more likely to result in arrests, charges filed, cases furthered, and both guilty pleas and verdicts. There was no statistically significant difference in sentence length. However, there was a statistically significantly greater reduction in case processing time in cases not involving a camera. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: The Bronx Defenders Holistic Defense Model (New York) |
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Defendants, Indigent defense, Defense, Jails, Corrections, Correctional facilities, Sentencing, Courts | This is a program that uses an interdisciplinary team to address factors contributing to clients’ contact with the court. The program is rated Promising. Participants experienced a reduction in average sentence length and were more likely to be released on recognizance, compared with those who received traditional legal services. These differences were statistically significant. However, there was no statistically significant impact on conviction or on future arrest rates. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: EVOLVE: Court-Mandated Program for Serious Male Batterers |
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Probation, Courts, Intimate partner violence, Crime prevention | This is a court-mandated, post-conviction intervention for males at high-risk for perpetrating family violence. The program is designed to decrease family violence through cognitive–behavioral approaches. The program is rated Promising. There was a statistically significant lower likelihood of arrest for any offense for participants, compared with the control group. However, there were no statistically significant differences found between the groups in family violence arrests. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Rapid Intervention Community Court (Chittenden County, Vt.) |
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Community courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Problem-solving courts, Diversion, Prosecution, Courts, Community courts, Intimate partner violence | This is a prosecutor-led diversion program for nonviolent defendants, which is designed to decrease the number of convictions and reduce recidivism while improving administrative efficiency and cost effectiveness. The program is rated No Effects. The program had a statistically significant effect on reducing the likelihood of conviction, but there was no statistically significant effect on recidivism for program participants, compared with comparison participants. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Intensive Judicial Supervision (IJS) in Parramatta Drug Court (Australia) |
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Drug courts, Heroin, Courts, Problem-solving courts, Sanctions, Crime prevention, Substance abuse, Opioids | This intervention was designed to increase the level of judicial oversight on participants convicted of misdemeanor crimes in the Parramatta Drug Court program. The program was rated Promising. Results indicated that participants under intensive judicial supervision had lower rates of positive drug tests, compared with the comparison group. This difference was statistically significant. However, there were no statistically significant differences in sanctions, program progression or termination. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Cook County (Ill.) State Attorney's Deferred Prosecution Program (DPP) |
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Diversion, Sentencing, Courts | This is an alternative sentencing program aimed at diverting individuals who committed first-time nonviolent felony offenses from the criminal justice system. The program is rated No Effects. Results showed no statistically significant differences between the treatment group and comparison group on rearrests rates. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Family Drug Treatment Court (Snohomish County, WA) |
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Drug courts, Family courts, Drug-Related Victimization, Family reunification, Foster care/child welfare system | This is a program for parents who have substance abuse allegations and are involved in the child welfare system. The program is rated Effective. The study found that parent participants were more likely to have their children returned, more likely to experience a permanency-planning outcome, and less likely to have their parental rights terminated. Additionally, children of program participants spent less time in the child welfare system. These findings were statistically significant. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Decide Your Time (Delaware) |
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Drug testing, Probation, Corrections, Community corrections, Recidivism, Sanctions, Courts, Drugs | This was a program for chronic drug-using persons on probation that incorporated graduated sanctions with incentives to reduce recidivism and drug use among participants. The program is rated No Effects. Implemented in Delaware, the program was shown to have no impact on the successful completion of probation, on re-arrests, or on drug use. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Discretionary Parole in New Jersey |
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Parole, Prisons, Reentry, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Sentencing, Courts | This allows individuals to be released early from a prison in New Jersey and complete the remainder of their sentences under supervision, with the goal of reducing recidivism. The program is rated Promising. The treatment group released early from prison had statistically significantly lower rates of reconviction, number of days until reconviction, re-arrests, and days to re-arrest, compared with those who had completed their entire sentences and were unconditionally released to the community. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Earned Early Release (Washington State) |
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Parole, Probation, Sentencing guidelines, Courts, Prisons, Corrections, Correctional facilities, Reentry, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Intimate partner violence, Violent crime | Under a 2003 Washington State law, incarcerated individuals who had committed certain nonviolent offenses were able to acquire earlier release time of up to 50 percent of their maximum sentence. The program is rated Promising. Individuals who were released early under the law had a statistically significant lower rate of felony convictions, compared with individuals who were not released early; however, there was no statistically significant difference on violent convictions. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Florida Work Release Program |
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Corrections, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Sentencing, Courts, Inmate assistance programs, Employment initiatives, Reentry | This reentry program allows individuals who are nearing the end of their custodial sentences to work regular jobs in the community. The program is based in work release centers in participants’ counties of residence in Florida. The program is rated as Promising. The program was found to have a statistically significant effect on reducing reconvictions of participants and increasing their employment and quarterly earnings post-release. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Hillsborough County (FL) Family Dependency Treatment Court |
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Family courts, Family reunification | This program consists of a specialized court for substance-using caregivers involved with the child welfare system. The program is rated Promising. Program participants showed a statistically significant higher likelihood of family reunification and a lower likelihood that children would reenter care after permanent reunification. However, families that participated in the program achieved permanency at a statistically significant slower rate, compared with families that did not participate. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Brooklyn (NY) Mental Health Court |
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Mental health courts, Diversion, Courts | This program seeks to divert adults with mental illness diagnoses who have committed misdemeanor and felony offenses away from the justice system and into treatment. The goals of the program are to ensure participants receive treatment for their mental disorders and do not have future contact with the justice system. The program is rated Promising. Participants had a statistically significant lower likelihood of being rearrested and reconvicted, compared with the comparison group. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Back Door Electronic Monitoring (Sweden) |
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Reentry, Community corrections, Corrections, Prisons, Sentencing, Courts | This program in Sweden involves the use of an ankle bracelet to determine the location of an individual who has been released following a short-term stay in prison. The overall goal is to reduce reoffending rates of participants. The program is rated Promising. Significantly fewer program participants were convicted of a new offense and sentenced to prison at the 3-year follow up, compared with control group participants. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Minnesota's Enhanced Supervision Release Program |
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Parole, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Reentry, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Diversion, Courts | This was an intensive, supervised release program for persons at high risk for reoffense and who were mandated to residential treatment upon release from prison. The program gradually reduced restrictions as the persons on parole transitioned back into the community. The program is rated No Effects. Results showed no statistically significant effects on recidivism measures, including rearrest, revocation for technical violations, reconviction, and days in prison. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Ohio's Progressive Sanctioning Grid |
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Corrections, Community corrections, Courts | This program uses progressive sanction guidelines from the Ohio Adult Parole Authority to determine the appropriate amount of response by authorities with regard to individuals who violate supervision. The program is rated No Effects. There was no statistically significant impact on risk of felony reoffending and major violation behavior in the first year of supervision. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Ready, Willing, and Able (RWA) |
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Jails, Correctional facilities, Corrections, Prisons, Reentry, Sentencing, Courts, Employment initiatives | This is a transitional employment program that gives those who are newly released from prison the opportunity to work and find housing. RWA seeks to provide clients with work and foundational skills so that they can find a job, secure housing, and become financially independent. The program is rated No Effects. After 3 years, RWA showed a statistically significant positive impact on jail sentences, but there was no statistically significant impact on arrests, convictions, and prison sentences. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: The Canton of Vaud (CV) Community Supervision Program (Switzerland) |
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Community corrections, Corrections, Reentry, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Sentencing, Courts | This program was designed to provide a community service alternative to short custodial sentences for inmates, with the goal of improving measures of recidivism (reconviction) and social integration (marriage/employment). This program is rated No Effects. There were no statistically significant, long-term effects on reconviction and social integration. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Cass County/Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe Wellness Court (Walker, MN) |
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Alcohol-Related Offenses, Courts, Crime prevention, Traffic law enforcement, Recidivism, Sentencing, Driving Under the Influence (DUI), Law enforcement | This is a post-sentencing, driving-while-intoxicated (DWI) court intended to guide individuals identified as drug- or alcohol-addicted into treatment, which is designed to reduce criminal behavior and recidivism, enhance public safety, and enhance the well-being of program participants. This program is rated Promising. Results suggest that after 2 years, DWI court graduates and participants were statistically significantly less likely to be rearrested than non-DWI court participants. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD) Program (Seattle, Washington) |
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Drug possession, Community policing, Jails, Correctional facilities, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts, Arrests | This is a pre-booking, community-based diversion program designed to divert those suspected of low-level drug and prostitution offenses away from jail and prosecution and into case management and other supportive services. The program is rated Promising. The intervention group had a statistically significant lower likelihood of having been rearrested, compared with the control group. However, there was no statistically significant impact on non-warrant rearrests. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Washington State's Residential Drug Offender Sentencing Alternative |
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Corrections, Reentry, Inmate programs, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Courts, Drugs, Substance abuse | This program is an alternative to incarceration for felons with substance abuse problems. In lieu of confinement, they must successfully complete a residential, chemical-dependency treatment program in the community. The program is rated Promising. Residential DOSA was shown to statistically significantly reduce overall recidivism rates compared with prison-based DOSA. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: New York's Criminal Domestic Violence Courts |
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Assault, Dating violence, Domestic violence courts, Family courts, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Diversion, Violent crime | The program is a problem-solving court that operate a specialized caseload for domestic violence-related cases only, and for which eligibility is determined on a case-by-case basis. Criminal domestic violence courts tend to be more common throughout the U.S. The program is rated No Effects. The criminal domestic violence courts in New York statistically significantly reduced case-processing time, but there was no statistically significant impact on recidivism. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: New York Integrated Domestic Violence Courts |
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Assault, Dating violence, Domestic violence courts, Family courts, Diversion, Courts, Intimate partner violence, Crime prevention | This program is a problem-solving court that is part of a unified “one family-one judge” model, which means all criminal, family, and matrimonial cases involving the same family are handled by one judge. This program is rated No Effects. There were no statistically significant differences in re-arrests and conviction rates when comparing the IDV court cases with traditional family court cases. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Random Drug Testing with Immediate Results and Immediate Sanctions |
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Alcohol-Related Offenses, Drug testing, Parole, Cocaine, Heroin, Alcohol, Reentry, Community corrections, Corrections, Crime prevention, Recidivism, Courts, Illegal substances, Opioids | This program was an experiment that was conducted to examine the efficacy of alternative methods of instant drug testing, and to determine how the different methods affected rates of relapse and recidivism of parolees with substance abuse issues. The program is rated Promising. The treatment group experienced a statistically significant decrease in rates of relapse, but no statistically significant difference in recidivism, compared with the control group. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) Program - Multisite |
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Coping, Rape and sexual assault, Violent crime, Prosecution, Courts, Victims of crime | The program uses specially trained nurses to provide comprehensive psychological, medical, and forensic services to recent sexual assault victims in either hospital- or community-based clinic settings. The program is rated Promising. Across multiple sites, the results showed that sexual assault cases that were prosecuted following implementation of SANE had a statistically significant greater likelihood of resulting in a guilty plea or conviction. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Juvenile Transfer to Adult Court (Pennsylvania) |
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Juvenile courts, Violent offenders, Recidivism, Crime prevention | Transfer of serious and violent juveniles from juvenile court to adult court based on criteria, such as age, seriousness of offense, and use of a deadly weapon. The program is rated No Effects. The preponderance of the evidence suggests that transferring juveniles to adult court had no impact on measures of arrests. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Utah Juvenile Drug Courts |
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Alcohol-Related Offenses, Drug courts, Juvenile courts, Drug possession, Alcohol, Treatment, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile justice, Juvenile (under 18), Legal substances, Drug treatment | This is a juvenile drug court designed to reduce alcohol and other drug and delinquency offenses through an accountability framework. The program is rated Promising. Treatment group participants were statistically significantly less likely to recidivate in delinquency/criminal offenses, compared with the comparison group participants. However, there was no statistically significant effect on alcohol and other drug recidivism. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Adolescent Diversion Program (New York State) |
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Jails, Correctional facilities, Corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts, Diversion, Sentencing | This is a diversion program for 16- and 17-year-old defendants in the New York state adult criminal justice system. The program is rated Promising. Similar rates of recidivism were found for participants and comparison group members, which suggests that diverting older adolescents does not increase the risk of recidivism and risk to the public. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Rochester (N.Y.) Domestic Violence Court Judicial Monitoring |
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Assault, Domestic violence courts, Problem-solving courts, Intimate partner violence, Violent crime, Crime prevention | This program was designed to provide judicial monitoring of people convicted of domestic violence through frequent court appearances before a judge. The goal was to ensure compliance with program requirements and deter future violence and re-abuse of victims. The program is rated No Effects. There were no statistically significant differences between the intervention group and control group in rearrests, attendance at court-ordered programs, or completion of programs. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Indigent Defense for Homicide Cases (Philadelphia, Penn.) |
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Homicide, Defendants, Indigent defense, Defense, Violent crime, Crime prevention, Courts, Defense services | This was a natural experiment to examine the impact of attorneys from the Defender Association of Philadelphia who represent indigent defenders. The program is rated Promising. Treatment group defendants were statistically significantly less likely to be found guilty of murder, and had shorter average sentences, compared with control group defendants represented by private counsel. There was no statistically significant effect on being found guilty of any charge or receiving a death sentence. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Preventive Treatment Program |
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Home visiting, School climate, Child health and welfare, Juvenile delinquency, Schools, Juvenile (under 18), Child health and welfare, Juvenile courts, Courts | This is a prevention program for disruptive kindergarten boys and their parents, designed to reduce short- and long-term antisocial behavior. The program is rated Promising. Treatment group boys had a statistically significant greater likelihood of graduating from high school and having lower rates of property violence, compared with comparison group boys, at the 19-year follow up. However, there were no statistically significant differences between groups in rates of personal violence. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Court Date Reminder Notices (Nebraska) |
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This program was designed to reduce failure-to-appear rates in misdemeanor defendants. The goal was to remind defendants of court dates by sending reminder notices through the mail. The program is rated Promising. Defendants who received court date reminder notices had statistically significant reductions in failure-to-appear rates, compared with participants in the control group who did not receive notices. Date Posted: |
None | |||
Program Profile: Adult Treatment Drug Courts (Multi-site) |
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Drug courts, Diversion, Mental health | This is a program that focuses on drug-involved individuals and aims to provide specialized substance abuse treatment services. The program is rated Promising. Participants in the treatment group were statistically significantly less likely to report drug use and criminal activity than participants in the comparison group. However, there was no statistically significant effect on incarceration, socioeconomic status, mental health, family support, or homelessness. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: AMIkids Community-Based Day Treatment Services |
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Probation, Diversion, Intake/assessment, Youth development, Treatment, Access to education, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts, Juvenile detention | AMIkids is a program encompassing community-based, experiential treatment interventions for at-risk and delinquent youth, which is designed to reduce recidivism and be cost effective. The program is rated Promising. The treatment group showed a statistically significant lower likelihood of being rearrested, adjudicated, convicted, or experiencing a subsequent commitment for any offense within 12 months of release, compared with the comparison group. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Baltimore City (Md.) Family Recovery Program |
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Drug courts, Family courts, Children exposed to violence, Drug-Related Victimization, Case Management, Family reunification, Foster care/child welfare system, Problem-solving courts, Sanctions, Intimate partner violence | This is a family drug court program designed to serve families involved with child welfare as a result of parental substance use. The program is rated Promising. Treatment group parents had a statistically significant higher percentage of experiencing family reunification, compared with comparison group parents. Children of treatment group parents also had a statistically significant fewer number of days in non-kinship or long-term foster care compared with children of comparison group parents. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Assisted Outpatient Treatment (AOT) |
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Courts, Diversion | This is a court-ordered treatment program for individuals with mental illness who have a history of multiple hospitalizations or have exhibited violence toward themselves or others. The program is rated Promising. Participants who received treatment had a statistically significant reduction in risk for arrests of any offense, compared with the comparison group. However, there was no statistically significant difference found between the groups in risk of arrests for violent offenses. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Multisystemic Therapy - Substance Abuse |
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Cocaine, Marijuana, Alcohol, Mental health, Substance abuse, Underage drinking, Violent offenders, Youth development, Home visiting, Treatment, Young juvenile offenders, Child health and welfare, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile detention, Courts, Drug courts, Problem-solving courts, Illegal substances, Drugs, Legal substances, Drugs | This version of multisystemic therapy is for adolescents with substance abuse and dependency issues. This program is rated Effective. Treatment youth showed statistically significant reductions in marijuana use and in aggressive behavior and convictions for aggressive behavior, compared with control group youth. However, no significant differences between groups were found for symptoms of mental health, criminal behavior, or alcohol or cocaine use. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Phoenix (Ariz.) Repeat Offender Program |
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Background checks, Criminal history records, Corrections, Prisons, Inmate programs, Prosecution, Courts, Sentencing, Arrests | This program involved cooperation between police and prosecutors to increase the likelihood that high-risk individuals would be convicted and incarcerated. The program is rated Promising. The experimental group had a statistically significant greater likelihood of being sentenced to prison and having longer prison sentences, compared with the control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference for conviction rates between the groups. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Baltimore City (Md.) Drug Treatment Court |
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Drug courts, Problem-solving courts, Mental health, Substance abuse, Alcohol, Legal substances, Drugs | This is a drug treatment court that seeks to reduce rearrests and reconvictions for drug-involved individuals with substantial criminal and drug addiction histories. The program is rated Effective. Compared with the control group, program participants had a statistically significant fewer number of arrests at the 24-month and 15-year follow up, but not at the 36-month follow up. Participants also had a statistically significant fewer number of total convicted charges at the 15-year follow up. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Bronx (NY) Treatment Court |
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Drug courts, Corrections, Probation, Community corrections, Recidivism, Problem-solving courts, Crime prevention | This program is an alternative to probation and confinement for first-time, nonviolent individuals convicted of drug offenses. The program is rated Promising. Treatment court participants had statistically significant lower conviction rates for any new offenses and drug offenses 1 year after program completion, compared with the comparison group. Program participants also had statistically significant lower conviction rates 3 years following the initial arrest. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: DNA Field Experiment |
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Burglary, Larceny/theft, DNA testing, Prosecution, Evidence, Databases, Crime scene investigation, Fingerprints, Crime prevention, Courts, Investigations, Law enforcement, Law enforcement operations | This was an experiment to evaluate the impact of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) evidence collection and testing on the investigation of high-volume property crimes. The program is rated Effective. Across five sites, more suspects were identified, arrested, and prosecuted in the treatment group cases, compared with suspects in the control group cases. These differences were statistically significant. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
Program Profile: Suffolk County (N.Y.) Drug Treatment Court |
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Drug courts, Drug possession, Cocaine, Heroin, Marijuana, Drug abuse prevention and education, Drugs, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Opioids | This program is an alternative to incarceration for drug-abusing defendants, which provides substance abuse treatment and education, case management, and intensive supervision. The program is rated Effective. Treatment group participants had a statistically significant lower likelihood of recidivating and experienced a greater length of time between initial arrest and first rearrest, compared with the comparison group. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Queens (NY) Treatment Court |
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Drug courts, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention | This is a drug court program for first-time, nonviolent persons convicted of felony drug offenses who are arrested in Queens County, N.Y. The court provides drug or alcohol treatment services to persons with persistent drug offenses who have a history of substance abuse. This program is rated Effective. There were statistically significant reductions in postarrest and post-program rearrest rates for program participants, compared with the comparison group. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: San Francisco (Calif.) Behavioral Health Court |
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Mental health courts, Courts, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention | The court aims to connect defendants with serious mental illness to community treatment services, to find dispositions to their criminal charges that take into account their mental illness, and to decrease the chances they return to the criminal justice system. The program is rated Promising. The study showed participants were statistically significantly less likely to be charged with a new offense and had a longer time without a new violent charge compared with the comparison group. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: DUII Intensive Supervision Program (DISP) |
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Drug testing, Probation, Victim impact panels, Corrections, Community corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Sanctions, Courts, Traffic laws, Law enforcement | This comprehensive 3-year program provides swift sanctions, intensive probation, close monitoring, and mandatory treatment for repeat impaired-drivers. The program is rated Promising. There were statistically significant differences between the treatment and comparison groups across all counties. The treatment group experienced lower DUI recidivism, driving with a revoked or suspended license recidivism, and any other traffic offense convictions. Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Ottawa County (Mich.) Sobriety Court Program |
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Alcohol-Related Offenses, Jails, Correctional facilities, Corrections, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Traffic laws, Law enforcement, Traffic law enforcement, Legal substances, Drugs | This is a court program in western Michigan designed to divert people convicted of driving under the influence (DUI) from jail, eliminate substance use, and reduce recidivism. The program is rated Promising. At the 2-year follow up, program participants were less likely to be rearrested and had longer time to first-rearrest, compared with control group participants. These differences were statistically significant. However, there were no significant differences between groups for alcohol or drug Date Posted: |
None | ||
Program Profile: Drug Treatment Alternative to Prison (DTAP) |
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Drug testing, Corrections, Prisons, Inmate programs, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts, Diversion, Prosecution | This program is the first prosecution-led, residential drug treatment diversion program designed to divert people convicted of nonviolent felony drug offenses to community-based residential treatment. This program is rated Promising. Controlling for time spent in the community following release from prison, the intervention showed statistically significant positive effects on recidivism, time to first rearrest, and rearrest for program participants, compared with the control group. Date Posted: |
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Program Profile: Idaho DUI Courts and Misdemeanor/DUI Courts |
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Alcohol-Related Offenses, Probation, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Problem-solving courts, Traffic laws, Law enforcement | The program uses courts in a comprehensive approach to address the underlying causes of driving under the influence by aiming to change the behavior of alcohol and/or drug dependent individuals who have been convicted of drug/alcohol crimes. The program is rated Promising. The treatment group had a statistically significantly lower recidivism rate (measured as new court filings) and was statistically significantly more likely to fail sooner than the comparison group. Date Posted: |
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Title | Evidence Rating | Topics | Summary | ||||||
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Practice Profile: Halfway Houses |
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Parole, Mental health, Recidivism, Courts | This practice comprises community-based correctional programs that use community supervision and intermediate sanctions to improve the likelihood of successful reintegration of returning individuals and promote community safety. The practice is rated Promising for reducing recidivism of people who transitioned back into the community through halfway houses. Date Posted: |
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Practice Profile: Swift, Certain, and Fair Supervision Strategies for Drug-Involved Individuals |
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Drug testing, Parole, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Reentry, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts | The practice comprises supervision strategies used by community supervision officers to address violation behavior of drug-involved individuals on probation and parole who are being supervised in the community. The goals are to generate greater compliance with supervision terms and, as a result, reduce recidivism. The practice is rated Promising for reducing crime rates of drug-involved individuals supervised in the community. Date Posted: |
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Practice Profile: Crisis Intervention Teams (CITs) |
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Community policing, Jails, Corrections, Community corrections, Courts, Diversion, Law enforcement, Arrests | This practice comprises specialized police-led, pre-booking jail diversion responses to individuals with mental illness. The goals are to reduce police officers’ injuries and use of force, and to reduce arrests of individuals with mental illness. The practice is rated No Effects for reducing arrests of individuals with mental illness and reducing trained police officers’ use of force in situations involving mentally ill individuals. Date Posted: |
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Practice Profile: Pretrial Interventions for Ensuring Appearance in Court |
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Release on Recognizance | During the pretrial process, defendants may be released on certain conditions. To ensure that released defendants show up to their court date, jurisdictions have used three strategies: 1) court-date reminder notifications, 2) bonds, and 3) supervision in the community. The goal of is to reduce the failure-to-appear rates of defendants. Across the three strategies, the practice is rated Promising for decreasing failure-to-appear rates, but rated No Effects for reducing arrest rates. Date Posted: |
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Practice Profile: Juvenile Transfer to Adult Court |
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Juvenile courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Problem-solving courts, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile justice, Prosecution | All states have mechanisms in place (including judicial waivers, statutory exclusions, and prosecutorial direct-files) that allow for juveniles (who commit certain serious or violent offenses) to be transferred for prosecution in the adult criminal court system. The practice is rated No Effects for multiple crime/delinquency types. Youths transferred to adult court had slightly higher odds of recidivating, compared with nontransferred youth; however, this result was nonsignificant. Date Posted: |
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Practice Profile: Corporate Crime Deterrence |
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Environmental offenses, Money laundering, Regulatory offenses, Sanctions, Courts, Public order offenses, Crime prevention | These deterrence strategies are formal legal and administrative prevention and control tactics designed to prevent the occurrence of corporate crime. Strategies could include laws, regulatory policies, or punitive sanctions. The practice is rated No Effects for reducing individual- and company-level corporate crime. Date Posted: |
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Practice Profile: Treatment in Secure Corrections for Serious Juveniles Who Have Committed Serious or Multiple Offenses |
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Assault, Homicide, Kidnapping, Robbery, Mental health, Intake/assessment, Violent offenders, Treatment, Case Management, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Juvenile justice, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile detention, Courts, Drugs, Drug treatment | This practice includes interventions targeting serious (violent and chronic) juveniles sentenced to serve time in secure corrections. The overall goal is to decrease recidivism rates when juveniles are released and return to the community. The practice is rated Effective for reducing general recidivism and serious recidivism of violent and chronically offending juveniles. Date Posted: |
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Practice Profile: Focused Deterrence Strategies |
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Gang Crime, Youth gangs, Assault, Gun violence, Homicide, Violent offenders, Community policing, Problem-oriented policing, Sentencing, Courts, Juvenile (under 18) | This practice (also referred to as “pulling-levers policing”) includes problem-oriented policing strategies that follow the core principles of deterrence theory. The strategies target specific criminal behavior committed by a small number of individuals who chronically commit offenses, such as youth gang members or those who repeatedly commit violent offenses, who are vulnerable to sanctions and punishment. The practice is rated Promising for reducing crime. Date Posted: |