Probation
Knowing what to do starts with knowing what works, and what hasn't. CrimeSolutions helps practitioners and policymakers understand what programs & practices work, are promising, or haven't worked yet.
On this page you can find programs and practices related to Probation. Select "Search Filters" to narrow down the list by rating, extent of evidence, and many other aspects of the programs or practices. Skip to Practices
CrimeSolutions’ ratings are assigned from standardized reviews of rigorous evaluations and meta-analyses. While we encourage you to learn more about this process, you don’t need to in order to benefit from it. Our clear ratings and profiles can help you determine if a program or category of program is worth pursuing.
| Icon | Rating | Description |
|---|---|---|
|
Effective | Implementing the program, or a program encompassed by the practice, will achieve the intended outcome. |
|
Promising | Implementing the program, or a program encompassed by the practice, will achieve the intended outcome. |
|
Ineffective | Implementing the program, or a program encompassed by the practice, will not achieve the intended outcome. |
|
Negative Effects | Implementing the program, or program encompassed by the practice, will not result in intended outcome(s) and may result in harmful effects. |
Programs
| Title | Evidence Rating | Topics | Summary | RCT | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Program Profile: North Dakota’s 24/7 Sobriety Program |
|
Alcohol-Related Offenses, Drug testing, Probation, Law enforcement, Sanctions, Traffic laws, Traffic law enforcement, Crime prevention, Legal substances, Substance abuse, Drugs | This program seeks to reduce the rearrests of individuals previously convicted of driving while under the influence (DUI) of alcohol or drugs through intensive testing and monitoring of drug and alcohol consumption. The program is rated Promising. There was a statistically significant decrease in the rates of DUI arrests by roughly 9 percent in counties that implemented the program, compared with counties that did not implement the program. Date Posted: |
None | ||
| Program Profile: Supervision with Immediate Enforcement (SWIFT) Court for Gang-Involved Individuals (Texas) |
|
Drug testing, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Gangs, Gang Crime | This is a specialized court program that targets high-risk gang-affiliated individuals with felony convictions for intensive supervision, with the goal of reducing recidivism. The program is rated Promising. Gang members who participated in the program had a statistically significant lower likelihood of probation revocation than gang members who did not participate. But there were no statistically significant differences in new arrests between the groups. Date Posted: |
None | ||
| Program Profile: Environmental Corrections Model (Australia) |
|
Parole, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections | This is a community corrections model of probation and parole that focuses on opportunity-reduction strategies to reduce recidivism. The program is rated Effective. There were statistically significant reductions in new arrests and longer time to new arrest for individuals in the treatment group, compared with individuals in the control group. Date Posted: |
None | ||
| Program Profile: Social Problem-Solving Training (SPST) in a Juvenile Detention Setting |
|
Mental health, Positive youth development, Treatment, Young juvenile offenders, Probation, Corrections, Community corrections, Juvenile justice, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Juvenile detention, Juvenile detention | This intervention was designed to help adolescent males in detention with interpersonal stress and conflict. The program is rated Ineffective. There were no statistically significant effects on depressive symptoms, recidivism, social problem-solving, anger response, anger control, and inward expression of anger. However, the treatment as usual control condition was found to have a statistically significant reduction on outward expression of anger, a result in the other-than-expected direction. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
| Program Profile: Reentry Services of Clay County (Minnesota) |
|
Probation, Mental health, Substance abuse, Reentry, Case Management, Treatment, Comprehensive/wraparound services, Access to education, Corrections, Juvenile detention, Juvenile justice, Juvenile (under 18), Mentoring, Child health and welfare, Juvenile delinquency | This is a one-to-one mentoring program aimed at improving public safety by assisting youths who commit offenses with comprehensive reentry services following their release into the community. The program is rated Ineffective. There was no statistically significant difference between program and comparison group youths in prevalence of reoffense. Program youths had statistically significantly fewer official juvenile justice contacts within 1 year of release, compared with comparison group youth Date Posted: |
None | ||
| Program Profile: Specialty Mental Health Probation (Texas) |
|
Parole, Probation, Mental health | The program targeted individuals on probation with a mental illness. The goal was to reduce rates of community supervision failures. The program is rated Promising. Individuals on specialty probation had both statistically significant lower rates of technical violations and rearrest, and higher receipt of mental health services and dual-diagnosis treatment, compared with individuals on traditional probation. There was no statistically significant impact on substance use treatment and violence. Date Posted: |
None | ||
| Program Profile: Minnesota Intensive Supervised Release |
|
Sex offenders, Drug testing, Probation, Mental health, Prisons, Correctional facilities, Crime prevention | This is an intensive, supervised release program for individuals released from prison in Minnesota who are at high risk for reoffending. The primary goal of the program is to reduce recidivism of released individuals. The program is rated Promising. The program reduced the risk of general, felony, and violent reconvictions and any rearrests, but increased the risk of a technical violation revocation. All of these differences were statistically significant. Date Posted: |
None | ||
| Program Profile: Empathic Supervision Intervention for Probation or Parole Officers |
|
Training, Parole, Probation, Computers, Corrections, Community corrections, Crime prevention | The brief intervention targeted probation and parole officers’ mindsets about adults on probation or parole. Its goal was to reduce rates of recidivism and violations among adults on probation or parole by promoting empathic perspectives among officers. The program is rated Promising. Recidivism rates were significantly lower for the treatment condition compared with the control condition, but the intervention did not significantly affect violations. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
| Program Profile: Arkansas Community Corrections Texting Protocol |
|
Parole, Probation | This program sends text-message reminders to clients under community supervision to help reduce missed probation and parole appointments. The program is rated Promising. Clients who received reminders 1 day before the appointment and those who received two texts before the appointment were statistically significantly less likely to cancel or not attend appointments. There was no statistically significant effect for clients receiving text reminders 2 days before the appointment. Date Posted: |
Randomized Controlled Trial | ||
| Program Profile: Gender-Specific Drug Treatment Court (Midwestern State) |
|
Probation, Drug courts, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention | This is a drug court program that provides treatment services to women on probation to reduce their risk of reoffending. The program gives preference to women who have higher need and risk profiles, are mothers, and have substance use problems. The program is rated Promising. Women in the treatment group were statistically significantly less likely to have a new conviction, compared with similar women on probation who did not participate in the program, at the 2-year follow-up. Date Posted: |
None |
Practices
Showing 1 to 10 of 10 entries
| Title | Evidence Rating | Topics | Summary | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Practice Profile: Skill-Building Interventions for Delinquent Behaviors of Youth |
|
Probation, Reentry, Treatment, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile justice, Juvenile (under 18), Young adults (18-24), Juvenile detention | This practice involves the use of skill-building interventions to prevent antisocial and delinquent behaviors in youth (ages 12 to 21) and to reduce juvenile recidivism. Skill-building interventions tend to be behavioral in approach or focus on instruction aimed at developing specific skills. The practice is rated Promising in reducing juvenile recidivism. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Cognitive–Behavioral Interventions for Justice-Involved Juveniles and Young Adults Adjudicated for an Offense in Europe |
|
Parole, Probation, Mental health, Reentry, Treatment, Crime prevention, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile detention, Juvenile (under 18), Adjudication | This practice involves the use of cognitive–behavioral interventions to reduce the reoffending of juveniles and young adults adjudicated for an offense in Europe. Cognitive–behavioral interventions include various similar therapies, including thinking skills programs, social skills and problem-solving approaches, and reinforcement of behavioral change. This practice is rated Promising for the reduction of reoffending. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Juvenile Intensive Supervision Programs |
|
Probation, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile justice, Juvenile detention | This practice consists of intensive supervision of juveniles on probation in the community, compared with those on traditional community supervision. Conditions of intensive supervision programs may vary, but they generally include increased face-to-face contact with probation officers, drug/urinalysis testing, and participation in programming (such as tutoring, counseling, or job training). The practice is rated Ineffective for reducing recidivism. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Rehabilitation Programs for Adults Convicted of a Crime |
|
Parole, Probation, Mental health, Drug courts, Mental health courts, Jails, Corrections, Community corrections, Inmate assistance programs, Prisons, Reentry, Drug abuse prevention and education, Drugs, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Problem-solving courts, Prosecution, Law enforcement, Drug treatment | This practice includes programs that are designed to reduce recidivism among adults by improving their behaviors, skills, mental health, social functioning, and access to education and employment. They may become participants in rehabilitation programs during multiple points in their involvement with the criminal justice system. This practice is rated Promising for reducing recidivism among adults who have been convicted of an offense. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Day Reporting Centers |
|
Drug testing, Parole, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention | This practice uses day reporting centers, which are nonresidential multiservice centers, to facilitate parolees’ reintegration back into the community through a combination of services and supervision. This practice is rated Ineffective for reducing criminal recidivism among adults who have been convicted of an offense. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Swift, Certain, and Fair Supervision Strategies for Drug-Involved Individuals |
|
Drug testing, Parole, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Reentry, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts | The practice comprises supervision strategies used by community supervision officers to address violation behavior of drug-involved individuals on probation and parole who are being supervised in the community. The goals are to generate greater compliance with supervision terms and, as a result, reduce recidivism. The practice is rated Promising for reducing crime rates of drug-involved individuals supervised in the community. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Interventions with Violent Adult Males Convicted of an Offense |
|
Parole, Probation, Mental health, Intimate partner violence | This practice comprises interventions with violent adult males that aim to reduce their likelihood of reoffending, especially violent reoffending. Program components include anger control, cognitive skills and empathy training, and relapse prevention. The practice is rated Promising for reducing general reoffending and violent reoffending. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Based Anger Management for Adult Males Convicted of an Offense |
|
Parole, Probation, Recidivism, Crime prevention | The practice includes interventions that aim to increase adult males’ abilities to control their dysfunctional anger with the overall goal of reducing recidivism, especially violent recidivism. The practice is rated Promising for general reoffending and violent reoffending. Individuals who participated in the interventions had a reduced risk for reconviction for both general offending and violent offending. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Adult Reentry Programs |
|
Mental health, Reentry courts, Jails, Prisons, Correctional facilities, Corrections, Inmate programs, Probation, Community corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Problem-solving courts, Law enforcement | This practice involves correctional programs that focus on the transition of individuals from prison into the community. Reentry programs involve treatment or services that have been initiated while the individual is in custody and a follow-up component after the individual is released. The practice is rated Promising for reducing recidivism. Date Posted: |
||||
| Practice Profile: Juvenile Reentry Programs |
|
Parole, Probation, Reentry, Comprehensive/wraparound services, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile detention | This practice consists of reintegrative programs and services designed to prepare juveniles, who were placed out of their homes, for reentry into the community. The overall goal is to reduce the recidivism rate of juveniles released from out-of-home placements. The practice is rated Promising. There was a statistically significant decrease in the recidivism rates of juveniles who participated in the reentry programs, compared with juveniles in the comparison groups. Date Posted: |
Showing 1 to 10 of 10 entries