Drug Testing

Knowing what to do starts with knowing what works, and what hasn't. CrimeSolutions helps practitioners and policymakers understand what programs & practices work, are promising, or haven't worked yet.

On this page you can find programs and practices related to Drug Testing. Select "Search Filters" to narrow down the list by rating, extent of evidence, and many other aspects of the programs or practices. Skip to Practices

CrimeSolutions’ ratings are assigned from standardized reviews of rigorous evaluations and meta-analyses. While we encourage you to learn more about this process, you don’t need to in order to benefit from it. Our clear ratings and profiles can help you determine if a program or category of program is worth pursuing.

Evidence Ratings Defined
Icon	Rating	Description
	Effective	Implementing the program, or a program encompassed by the practice, will achieve the intended outcome.
	Promising	Implementing the program, or a program encompassed by the practice, will achieve the intended outcome.
	Ineffective	Implementing the program, or a program encompassed by the practice, will not achieve the intended outcome.
	Negative Effects	Implementing the program, or program encompassed by the practice, will not result in intended outcome(s) and may result in harmful effects.

Programs

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Showing 1 to 10 of 49 entries

Title Evidence Rating Topics Summary RCT

Program Profile: Supervision with Immediate Enforcement (SWIFT) Court for Gang-Involved Individuals (Texas)

Promising | One study

Drug testing, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Gangs, Gang Crime

This is a specialized court program that targets high-risk gang-affiliated individuals with felony convictions for intensive supervision, with the goal of reducing recidivism. The program is rated Promising. Gang members who participated in the program had a statistically significant lower likelihood of probation revocation than gang members who did not participate. But there were no statistically significant differences in new arrests between the groups.

Date Posted: 8/15/23

None

Program Profile: North Dakota’s 24/7 Sobriety Program

Promising | One study

Alcohol-Related Offenses, Drug testing, Probation, Law enforcement, Sanctions, Traffic laws, Traffic law enforcement, Crime prevention, Legal substances, Substance abuse, Drugs

This program seeks to reduce the rearrests of individuals previously convicted of driving while under the influence (DUI) of alcohol or drugs through intensive testing and monitoring of drug and alcohol consumption. The program is rated Promising. There was a statistically significant decrease in the rates of DUI arrests by roughly 9 percent in counties that implemented the program, compared with counties that did not implement the program.

Date Posted: 8/15/23

None

Program Profile: California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA)

Promising | One study

Prisons, Corrections, Inmate programs, Recidivism, Crime prevention

This is a training and production program for incarcerated individuals, with the overall goal of reducing recidivism. The program is rated Promising. Compared with individuals in the waitlist comparison group, individuals who participated in the program had a statistically significant lower likelihood of being rearrested, reconvicted, or returned to custody during the 3-year follow-up period.

Date Posted: 7/18/23

None

Program Profile: Minnesota Intensive Supervised Release

Promising | One study

Sex offenders, Drug testing, Probation, Mental health, Prisons, Correctional facilities, Crime prevention

This is an intensive, supervised release program for individuals released from prison in Minnesota who are at high risk for reoffending. The primary goal of the program is to reduce recidivism of released individuals. The program is rated Promising. The program reduced the risk of general, felony, and violent reconvictions and any rearrests, but increased the risk of a technical violation revocation. All of these differences were statistically significant.

Date Posted: 10/20/22

None

Program Profile: Gender-Specific Drug Treatment Court (Midwestern State)

Promising | One study

Probation, Drug courts, Problem-solving courts, Recidivism, Crime prevention

This is a drug court program that provides treatment services to women on probation to reduce their risk of reoffending. The program gives preference to women who have higher need and risk profiles, are mothers, and have substance use problems. The program is rated Promising. Women in the treatment group were statistically significantly less likely to have a new conviction, compared with similar women on probation who did not participate in the program, at the 2-year follow-up.

Date Posted: 5/16/22

None

Program Profile: Milwaukee County (Wis.) Deferred Prosecution Program

Ineffective | One study

Prosecution, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts, Diversion

This is a prosecutor-led pretrial diversion program to rehabilitate individuals convicted of misdemeanor or felony offenses who are at medium risk of reoffending. The program is rated Ineffective. There were statistically significant reductions in cases dismissed for treatment group individuals, compared with control group individuals. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the 2-year rearrest rate or days to first rearrest.

Date Posted: 12/20/21

None

Program Profile: Swift and Sure Sanctions Probation Program (Michigan)

Promising | One study

Parole, Community corrections, Corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Alcohol, Substance abuse, Legal substances, Drugs

This is an alternative-to-incarceration program designed to respond swiftly with sanctions to probation violations of those at high-risk of re-offending. The overall goal is to reduce participants’ recidivism rates. The program is rated Promising. Participants had statistically significant reduction in recidivism rates (overall, misdemeanor, felony, property, drug/alcohol, and other) compared with the comparison group, but there was no statistically significant effects on violent recidivism.

Date Posted: 5/5/21

None

Program Profile: Honest Opportunity Probation with Enforcement (HOPE)

Ineffective | One study

Drug testing, Probation, Corrections, Community corrections, Crime prevention

This is a community supervision strategy that includes swift, certain, and fair responses to probation violations. The program is rated Ineffective. The treatment group had a statistically significant lower likelihood of having a positive drug test at the 12-month follow-up, but a statistically significant greater number of probation violations, compared with the control group. There were no statistically significant effects on recidivism (any arrest) or new convictions.

Date Posted: 4/27/20

Randomized Controlled Trial

Program Profile: Intensive Supervision Probation (ISP) of Adult Males (Philadelphia, Pa.)

Ineffective | One study

Drug testing, Parole, Probation, Crime prevention, Recidivism

The program provides more restrictive community supervision to individuals at higher risk of committing serious crimes. The program is rated Ineffective. Individuals on ISP showed no difference in offending, by first new offense or offense type, from those on standard probation. However, there was a statistically significant greater likelihood for the ISP treatment group to have absconded, been incarcerated, and had hearings for technical violations, compared with the control group.

Date Posted: 10/31/18

Randomized Controlled Trial

Program Profile: Decide Your Time (Delaware)

Ineffective | One study

Drug testing, Probation, Corrections, Community corrections, Recidivism, Sanctions, Courts, Drugs

This was a program for chronic drug-using persons on probation that incorporated graduated sanctions with incentives to reduce recidivism and drug use among participants. The program is rated Ineffective. Implemented in Delaware, the program was shown to have no impact on the successful completion of probation, on re-arrests, or on drug use.

Date Posted: 2/27/18

Randomized Controlled Trial

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Practices

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Showing 1 to 5 of 5 entries

Title	Topics	Summary
Practice Profile: Juvenile Intensive Supervision Programs	Probation, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile justice, Juvenile detention	This practice consists of intensive supervision of juveniles on probation in the community, compared with those on traditional community supervision. Conditions of intensive supervision programs may vary, but they generally include increased face-to-face contact with probation officers, drug/urinalysis testing, and participation in programming (such as tutoring, counseling, or job training). The practice is rated Ineffective for reducing recidivism. Date Posted: 9/3/20
Practice Profile: Day Reporting Centers	Drug testing, Parole, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Recidivism, Crime prevention	This practice uses day reporting centers, which are nonresidential multiservice centers, to facilitate parolees’ reintegration back into the community through a combination of services and supervision. This practice is rated Ineffective for reducing criminal recidivism among adults who have been convicted of an offense. Date Posted: 12/10/19
Practice Profile: Halfway Houses	Parole, Mental health, Recidivism, Courts	This practice comprises community-based correctional programs that use community supervision and intermediate sanctions to improve the likelihood of successful reintegration of returning individuals and promote community safety. The practice is rated Promising for reducing recidivism of people who transitioned back into the community through halfway houses. Date Posted: 9/3/19
Practice Profile: Swift, Certain, and Fair Supervision Strategies for Drug-Involved Individuals	Drug testing, Parole, Probation, Community corrections, Corrections, Reentry, Recidivism, Crime prevention, Courts	The practice comprises supervision strategies used by community supervision officers to address violation behavior of drug-involved individuals on probation and parole who are being supervised in the community. The goals are to generate greater compliance with supervision terms and, as a result, reduce recidivism. The practice is rated Promising for reducing crime rates of drug-involved individuals supervised in the community. Date Posted: 11/5/18
Practice Profile: Contingency Management Interventions for Substance Use Disorders	Substance abuse	This is an intervention strategy designed to reduce substance use disorders by rewarding positive behavior (e.g., negative drug tests) and withholding rewards when undesired behavior is exhibited (e.g., positive drug screens). The overall goal is abstinence from substance use. The practice is rated Effective for reducing alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use. Date Posted: 8/7/18

Showing 1 to 5 of 5 entries

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